UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-35784

NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE HOLDINGS LTD.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Bermuda		98-0691007
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

7665 Corporate Center Drive, Miami, Florida 33126		33126
(Address of principal executive offices)		(zip code)

(305) 436-4000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
Ordinary shares, par value $0.001 per share		NCLH		The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ⌧	Accelerated filer ◻
Non-accelerated filer ◻	Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

There were 421,396,100 ordinary shares outstanding as of October 31, 2022.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements	3

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	28

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	43

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	44

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	45

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	45

Item 6.	Exhibits	46

SIGNATURES		47

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenue
Passenger ticket	$	1,105,908	$	86,127	$	2,242,255	$	87,877
Onboard and other		509,602		66,954		1,082,376		72,672
Total revenue		1,615,510		153,081		3,324,631		160,549
Cruise operating expense
Commissions, transportation and other		352,798		32,338		696,946		47,935
Onboard and other		126,740		19,306		255,445		21,841
Payroll and related		287,390		154,440		790,697		323,225
Fuel		186,984		79,238		503,682		175,931
Food		76,810		16,672		177,483		27,314
Other		208,176		137,762		623,374		294,092
Total cruise operating expense		1,238,898		439,756		3,047,627		890,338
Other operating expense
Marketing, general and administrative		375,291		229,142		1,000,578		617,820
Depreciation and amortization		186,551		173,289		547,214		517,867
Total other operating expense		561,842		402,431		1,547,792		1,135,687
Operating loss		(185,230)		(689,106)		(1,270,788)		(1,865,476)
Non-operating income (expense)
Interest expense, net		(152,330)		(161,205)		(624,392)		(1,122,905)
Other income (expense), net		31,461		4,720		100,572		57,464
Total non-operating income (expense)		(120,869)		(156,485)		(523,820)		(1,065,441)
Net loss before income taxes		(306,099)		(845,591)		(1,794,608)		(2,930,917)
Income tax benefit (expense)		10,705		(294)		7,179		(2,949)
Net loss	$	(295,394)	$	(845,885)	$	(1,787,429)	$	(2,933,866)
Weighted-average shares outstanding
Basic		420,798,538		370,016,479		419,224,710		356,591,143
Diluted		420,798,538		370,016,479		419,224,710		356,591,143
Loss per share
Basic	$	(0.70)	$	(2.29)	$	(4.26)	$	(8.23)
Diluted	$	(0.70)	$	(2.29)	$	(4.26)	$	(8.23)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net loss	$	(295,394)	$	(845,885)	$	(1,787,429)	$	(2,933,866)
Other comprehensive loss:
Shipboard Retirement Plan		95		98		2,665		295
Cash flow hedges:
Net unrealized loss		(195,543)		(45,134)		(246,742)		(73,497)
Amount realized and reclassified into earnings		(31,762)		12,948		(75,339)		48,328
Total other comprehensive loss		(227,210)		(32,088)		(319,416)		(24,874)
Total comprehensive loss	$	(522,604)	$	(877,973)	$	(2,106,845)	$	(2,958,740)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,186,714	$	1,506,647
Short-term investments		—		240,000
Accounts receivable, net		393,118		1,167,473
Inventories		155,880		118,205
Prepaid expenses and other assets		421,672		269,243
Total current assets		2,157,384		3,301,568
Property and equipment, net		14,511,649		13,528,806
Goodwill		98,134		98,134
Trade names		500,525		500,525
Other long-term assets		1,683,237		1,300,804
Total assets	$	18,950,929	$	18,729,837
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	1,012,722	$	876,890
Accounts payable		141,305		233,172
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		1,217,103		1,059,034
Advance ticket sales		2,291,624		1,561,336
Total current liabilities		4,662,754		3,730,432
Long-term debt		12,893,407		11,569,700
Other long-term liabilities		994,985		997,055
Total liabilities		18,551,146		16,297,187
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Shareholders’ equity:
Ordinary shares, $0.001 par value; 980,000,000 shares authorized; 421,393,338 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and 416,891,915 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2021		421		417
Additional paid-in capital		7,587,699		7,513,725
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(604,502)		(285,086)
Accumulated deficit		(6,583,835)		(4,796,406)
Total shareholders’ equity		399,783		2,432,650
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	18,950,929	$	18,729,837

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2022		2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$	(1,787,429)	$	(2,933,866)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense		593,423		560,972
Gain on derivatives		(151)		(23,560)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		188,433		601,539
Provision for bad debts and inventory obsolescence		5,438		14,118
Gain on involuntary conversion of assets		(1,880)		(7,706)
Share-based compensation expense		88,923		88,974
Net foreign currency adjustments on euro-denominated debt		(17,672)		(7,238)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net		765,692		(979,890)
Inventories		(38,388)		(26,676)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(555,561)		(65,771)
Accounts payable		(97,802)		15,014
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		116,947		142,144
Advance ticket sales		713,447		469,595
Net cash used in operating activities		(26,580)		(2,152,351)
Cash flows from investing activities
Additions to property and equipment, net		(1,628,442)		(539,530)
Purchases of short-term investments		—		(770,000)
Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments		240,000		205,000
Cash paid on settlement of derivatives		(214,035)		(14,465)
Other		10,991		11,024
Net cash used in investing activities		(1,591,486)		(1,107,971)
Cash flows from financing activities
Repayments of long-term debt		(1,465,439)		(889,206)
Proceeds from long-term debt		3,003,003		1,345,041
Common share issuance proceeds, net		—		1,558,396
Proceeds from employee related plans		5,267		3,141
Net share settlement of restricted share units		(20,212)		(16,672)
Early redemption premium		(172,012)		(611,164)
Deferred financing fees		(52,474)		(59,880)
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,298,133		1,329,656
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(319,933)		(1,930,666)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		1,506,647		3,300,482
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	1,186,714	$	1,369,816

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
					Accumulated
			Additional		Other				Total
	Ordinary		Paid-in		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Shareholders’
	Shares		Capital		Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity
Balance, June 30, 2022	$	419	$	7,567,129	$	(377,292)	$	(6,288,441)	$	901,815
Share-based compensation		—		26,083		—		—		26,083
Issuance of shares under employee related plans		2		2,708		—		—		2,710
Net share settlement of restricted share units		—		(8,221)		—		—		(8,221)
Other comprehensive loss, net		—		—		(227,210)		—		(227,210)
Net loss		—		—		—		(295,394)		(295,394)
Balance, September 30, 2022	$	421	$	7,587,699	$	(604,502)	$	(6,583,835)	$	399,783

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
					Accumulated
			Additional		Other				Total
	Ordinary		Paid-in		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Shareholders’
	Shares		Capital		Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity
Balance, December 31, 2021	$	417	$	7,513,725	$	(285,086)	$	(4,796,406)	$	2,432,650
Share-based compensation		—		88,923		—		—		88,923
Issuance of shares under employee related plans		4		5,263		—		—		5,267
Net share settlement of restricted share units		—		(20,212)		—		—		(20,212)
Other comprehensive loss, net		—		—		(319,416)		—		(319,416)
Net loss		—		—		—		(1,787,429)		(1,787,429)
Balance, September 30, 2022	$	421	$	7,587,699	$	(604,502)	$	(6,583,835)	$	399,783

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity - Continued

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
					Accumulated
			Additional		Other				Total
	Ordinary		Paid-in		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Shareholders’
	Shares		Capital		Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity
Balance, June 30, 2021	$	370	$	6,329,585	$	(232,903)	$	(2,377,800)	$	3,719,252
Share-based compensation		—		39,922		—		—		39,922
Issuance of shares under employee related plans		—		2,052		—		—		2,052
Net share settlement of restricted share units		—		(14)		—		—		(14)
Other comprehensive loss, net		—		—		(32,088)		—		(32,088)
Net loss		—		—		—		(845,885)		(845,885)
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	370	$	6,371,545	$	(264,991)	$	(3,223,685)	$	2,883,239

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
					Accumulated
			Additional		Other				Total
	Ordinary		Paid-in		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Shareholders’
	Shares		Capital		Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	316	$	4,889,355	$	(240,117)	$	(295,449)	$	4,354,105
Share-based compensation		—		88,974		—		—		88,974
Issuance of shares under employee related plans		—		3,141		—		—		3,141
Common share issuance proceeds, net		54		1,558,342		—		—		1,558,396
Net share settlement of restricted share units		—		(16,672)		—		—		(16,672)
Cumulative change in accounting policy		—		(131,240)		—		5,630		(125,610)
Other		—		(20,355)		—		—		(20,355)
Other comprehensive loss, net		—		—		(24,874)		—		(24,874)
Net loss		—		—		—		(2,933,866)		(2,933,866)
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	370	$	6,371,545	$	(264,991)	$	(3,223,685)	$	2,883,239

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references in this report to (i) the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to NCLH (as defined below) and its subsidiaries, (ii) “NCLC” refers to NCL Corporation Ltd., (iii) “NCLH” refers to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd., (iv) “Norwegian Cruise Line” or “Norwegian” refers to the Norwegian Cruise Line brand and its predecessors, (v) “Oceania Cruises” refers to the Oceania Cruises brand and (vi) “Regent” refers to the Regent Seven Seas Cruises brand.

References to the “U.S.” are to the United States of America, and “dollar(s)” or “$” are to U.S. dollars, the “U.K.” are to the United Kingdom and “euro(s)” or “€” are to the official currency of the Eurozone. We refer you to “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations— Terminology” for the capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined throughout these notes to consolidated financial statements.

1. Description of Business and Organization

We are a leading global cruise company which operates the Norwegian Cruise Line, Oceania Cruises and Regent Seven Seas Cruises brands. As of September 30, 2022, we had 29 ships with approximately 62,000 Berths and had orders for eight additional ships to be delivered through 2027. We have converted some double occupancy cabins to studio cabins and we expect to convert an additional 900 cabins in early 2023. Due to COVID-19, we temporarily suspended all global cruise voyages from March 2020 until July 2021, when we resumed cruise voyages on a limited basis. We refer you to Note 2 – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for further information.

Norwegian Prima was delivered in July 2022. We have five additional Prima Class Ships on order with currently scheduled delivery dates from 2023 through 2027. We have one Explorer Class Ship on order for delivery in 2023. We have two Allura Class Ships on order for delivery in 2023 and 2025. These additions to our fleet will increase our total Berths to approximately 82,000.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Liquidity and Management’s Plan

Significant events affecting travel typically have an impact on demand for cruise vacations, with the full extent of the impact determined by the length of time the event influences travel decisions. The level of occupancy on our ships and the percentage of our fleet in service will depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the duration and extent of the COVID-19 pandemic, further resurgences of COVID-19 or the emergence of other public health crises, our ability to comply with governmental regulations and implement new health and safety protocols, port availability, travel restrictions, bans and advisories, and our ability to staff our ships. In addition, as a result of conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and other global events, such as Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine and actions taken by the United States and other governments in response to the invasion, the global economy, including the financial and credit markets, has recently experienced significant volatility and disruptions, including increases in inflation rates, fuel prices, and interest rates. These conditions have resulted, and may continue to result, in increased expenses and may also impact travel or consumer discretionary spending. We believe the ongoing effects of the foregoing factors and events on our operations and global bookings have had, and will continue to have, a significant impact on our financial results and liquidity.

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The estimation of our future cash flow projections includes numerous assumptions that are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Our principal assumptions for future cash flow projections include:

●

Expected gradual return to historical occupancy levels;

●

Expected increase in revenue per passenger cruise day through a combination of both passenger ticket and onboard revenue as compared to 2019;

●

Forecasted cash collections in accordance with the terms of our credit card processing agreements (see Note 10 - “Commitments and Contingencies”); and

●

Expected continued higher fuel prices and the impact of inflation.

We cannot make assurances that our assumptions used to estimate our liquidity requirements will not change due to the dynamic nature of the current economic landscape. Accordingly, the full effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and other global events impacting macroeconomic conditions and travel and consumer discretionary spending, including Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine, on our financial performance and financial condition cannot be quantified at this time. We have made reasonable estimates and judgments of the impact of these events within our financial statements and there may be material changes to those estimates in future periods. We have taken actions to improve our liquidity, including completing various capital market transactions and making capital expenditure and operating expense reductions, and we expect to continue to pursue further opportunities to improve our liquidity.

Based on these actions and assumptions as discussed above, and considering our cash and cash equivalents of $1.2 billion as of September 30, 2022 and the net impact of our $1 billion undrawn commitment less related fees (see Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt”), we have concluded that we have sufficient liquidity to satisfy our obligations for at least the next twelve months.

Subsequent to the liquidity assessment period (twelve months from the issuance of these financial statements), the

Company has approximately $2.2 billion of debt that will mature in January 2024. The Company is currently taking steps to address this maturity.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, in our opinion, contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented.

Our operations are seasonal and results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire fiscal year. Historically, demand for cruises has been strongest during the Northern Hemisphere’s summer months; however, our cruise voyages were completely suspended from March 2020 until July 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and our resumption of cruise voyages was phased in gradually. The interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, which are included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 1, 2022.

Revisions to Previously Reported Quarterly Financial Statements

During the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company identified an error in its consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2021 and consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Based on their nature, certain amounts shown as cash and cash equivalents should have been classified as short-term investments. We have determined that these errors were not material to the previously issued interim financial statements for the period ended September 30, 2021.

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As a result of the error, the amounts previously reported as cash and cash equivalents have been reclassified to cash flows used in investing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as follows (in thousands):


	Nine months ended September 30, 2021
	Previously				As
	Reported		Adjustments		Reported
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of short-term investments	$	—	$	(770,000)	$	(770,000)
Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments		—		205,000		205,000
Net cash used in investing activities		(542,971)		(565,000)		(1,107,971)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(1,365,666)		(565,000)		(1,930,666)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period		1,934,816		(565,000)		1,369,816

Loss Per Share

A reconciliation between basic and diluted loss per share was as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net loss	$	(295,394)	$	(845,885)	$	(1,787,429)	$	(2,933,866)
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding		420,798,538		370,016,479		419,224,710		356,591,143
Dilutive effect of share awards		—		—		—		—
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding		420,798,538		370,016,479		419,224,710		356,591,143
Basic loss per share	$	(0.70)	$	(2.29)	$	(4.26)	$	(8.23)
Diluted loss per share	$	(0.70)	$	(2.29)	$	(4.26)	$	(8.23)

For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, a total of 96.3 million and 98.9 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, a total of 93.5 million and 106.3 million, respectively, shares have been excluded from diluted weighted-average shares outstanding because the effect of including them would have been anti-dilutive.

Foreign Currency

The majority of our transactions are settled in U.S. dollars. We remeasure assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. The resulting gains or losses are recognized in our consolidated statements of operations within other income (expense), net. We recognized gains of $34.7 million and $9.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and gains of $79.4 million and $14.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to remeasurement of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Remeasurements of foreign currency related to operating activities are recognized within changes in operating assets and liabilities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

The amortization of deferred financing fees is included in depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated statements of cash flows; however, for purposes of the consolidated statements of operations they are included in interest expense, net.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable, net included $237.0 million and $1.1 billion due from credit card processors as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

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Recently Issued Accounting Guidance

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”), which provided guidance to alleviate the burden in accounting for reference rate reform by allowing certain expedients and exceptions in applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions impacted by reference rate reform. The provisions apply only to those transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. Adoption of the provisions of ASU 2020-04 are optional and are effective from March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. As of September 30, 2022, we have not adopted any expedients and exceptions under ASU 2020-04. We will continue to evaluate the impact of ASU 2020-04 on our consolidated financial statements.

3. Revenue Recognition

Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors in various geographical regions. Revenues by destination were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2022		2022
North America	$	892,971	$	2,053,909
Europe		718,435		1,243,149
Asia-Pacific		2,957		24,611
Other		1,147		2,962
Total revenue	$	1,615,510	$	3,324,631

Amounts for the comparative three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are excluded as the information is not meaningful. North America includes the U.S., the Caribbean, Canada and Mexico. Europe includes the Baltic region, Canary Islands and Mediterranean. Asia-Pacific includes Australia, New Zealand and Asia. Other includes all other international territories.

Segment Reporting

We have concluded that our business has a single reportable segment. Each brand, Norwegian, Oceania Cruises and Regent, constitutes a business for which discrete financial information is available and management regularly reviews the brand level operating results and, therefore, each brand is considered an operating segment. Our operating segments have similar economic and qualitative characteristics, including similar long-term margins and similar products and services; therefore, we aggregate all of the operating segments into one reportable segment.

Although we sell cruises on an international basis, our passenger ticket revenue is primarily attributed to U.S.-sourced guests who make reservations in the U.S. Revenue attributable to U.S.-sourced guests has approximated 80-87% of total revenue over the preceding three fiscal years. No other individual country’s revenues exceed 10% in any given period.

Contract Balances

Receivables from customers are included within accounts receivable, net. As of September 30, 2022, our receivables from customers were $58.5 million.

Our cancellation policies permit certain guests to cancel cruises booked within certain windows for specified time periods up to 15 days prior to departure or in the event of a positive COVID-19 test, and the guests will receive future cruise credits. Standard cancellation penalties apply for all sailings after September 30, 2022. Future cruise credits that

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have been issued as face value reimbursement for cancelled bookings due to COVID-19 are generally valid for any sailing through June 30, 2023, and we may further extend this offer. The future cruise credits are not contracts, and therefore, guests who elected this option are excluded from our contract liability balance; however, the credit for the original amount paid is included in advance ticket sales.

Our contract liabilities are included within advance ticket sales. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, our contract liabilities were $1.6 billion and $161.8 million, respectively. Of the amounts included within contract liabilities as of September 30, 2022, approximately 40% were refundable in accordance with our cancellation policies. Of the deposits included within advance ticket sales, the majority are refundable in accordance with our cancellation policies and it is uncertain to what extent guests may request refunds. Refunds payable to guests are included in accounts payable. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, $123.1 million of revenue recognized was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period.

For cruise vacations that had been cancelled by us due to COVID-19, during the three months ended September 30, 2021, approximately $0.9 million, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, approximately $0.3 million and $26.9 million, respectively, in costs to obtain these contracts, consisting of protected commissions, including those paid to employees, and credit card fees, were recognized in earnings.

4. Leases

In April 2020, the FASB issued interpretive guidance relating to the accounting for lease concessions provided as a result of COVID-19. In this guidance, entities can elect not to apply lease modification accounting with respect to such lease concessions and instead, treat the concession as if it was a part of the existing contract. In 2020, the Company elected to not evaluate leases under the lease modification accounting framework for concessions that result from effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. In relation to our rights to use port facilities, we have elected the approach consistent with resolving a contingency, which allows us to remeasure the lease liability and recognize the amount of change in the lease liability as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the associated right-of-use asset. As of September 30, 2022, certain of our port facilities were remeasured with an increase of $35.2 million to other long-term assets and other long-term liabilities.

Operating lease balances were as follows (in thousands):


	Balance Sheet location	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Operating leases
Right-of-use assets	Other long-term assets	$	826,334	$	794,187
Current operating lease liabilities	Accrued expenses and other liabilities		40,708		34,407
Non-current operating lease liabilities	Other long-term liabilities		696,917		670,688

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5. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was as follows (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
						Change
	Accumulated		Change			Related to
	Other		Related to			Shipboard
	Comprehensive		Cash Flow			Retirement
	Income (Loss)		Hedges			Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at beginning of period	$	(285,086)	$	(279,696)		$	(5,390)
Current period other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(244,361)		(246,742)			2,381
Amounts reclassified into earnings		(75,055)		(75,339)	(1)		284	(2)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of period	$	(604,502)	$	(601,777)	(3)	$	(2,725)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
						Change
	Accumulated		Change			Related to
	Other		Related to			Shipboard
	Comprehensive		Cash Flow			Retirement
	Income (Loss)		Hedges			Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at beginning of period	$	(240,117)	$	(234,334)		$	(5,783)
Current period other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(73,497)		(73,497)			—
Amounts reclassified into earnings		48,623		48,328	(1)		295	(2)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of period	$	(264,991)	$	(259,503)		$	(5,488)

(1)	We refer you to Note 8 – “Fair Value Measurements and Derivatives” for the affected line items in the consolidated statements of operations.

(2)	Amortization of prior-service cost and actuarial loss reclassified to other income (expense), net.

(3)	Includes $29.8 million of gain expected to be reclassified into earnings in the next 12 months.

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6. Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment, net increased $1.0 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 primarily due to the delivery of Norwegian Prima. We determine the weighted average useful lives of our ships based primarily on our estimates of the useful lives of the ships’ major component systems on the date of acquisition, such as cabins, main diesels, main electric, superstructure and hull, and their related proportional weighting to the ship as a whole. We have assessed the weighted-average useful life of the components of Norwegian Prima and assigned a useful life of 35 years with a 10% residual value to the Prima Class Ships. The useful life and residual value consider the historical useful lives of similar assets, manufacturer recommended lives, planned maintenance programs, anticipated changes in technological conditions and the related proportional weighting of the major components of the Prima Class Ships.

7. Long-Term Debt

In February 2022, NCLC conducted a private offering (the “Notes Offering”) of $1,000 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.875% senior secured notes due 2027 (the “2027 Secured Notes”) and $600 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.750% senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 Unsecured Notes”).

The 2027 Secured Notes are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior secured basis by Pride of Hawaii, LLC, Norwegian Epic, Ltd. and Sirena Acquisition. The 2027 Secured Notes and the related guarantees are secured by a first-priority interest in, among other things and subject to certain agreed security principles, three of our vessels, namely the Norwegian Jade vessel, the Norwegian Epic vessel and the Sirena vessel.

NCLC may redeem the 2027 Secured Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time prior to February 15, 2024, at a “make-whole” redemption price, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional amounts, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. NCLC may redeem the 2027 Secured Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time on or after February 15, 2024, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the 2027 Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional amounts, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. At any time and from time to time prior to February 15, 2024, NCLC may choose to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2027 Secured Notes with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings, subject to certain restrictions, at a redemption price equal to 105.875% of the principal amount of the 2027 Secured Notes redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date, so long as at least 60% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2027 Secured Notes issued remains outstanding following such redemption.

NCLC may redeem the 2029 Unsecured Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time prior to November 15, 2028, at a “make-whole” redemption price, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional amounts, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. NCLC may redeem the 2029 Unsecured Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time on or after November 15, 2028, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of 2029 Unsecured Notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional amounts, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. At any time and from time to time prior to February 15, 2025, NCLC may choose to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Unsecured Notes with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings, subject to certain restrictions, at a redemption price equal to 107.750% of the principal amount of the 2029 Unsecured Notes redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date, so long as at least 60% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Unsecured Notes issued remains outstanding following such redemption.

The indentures governing the 2027 Secured Notes and the 2029 Unsecured Notes include requirements that, among other things and subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, restrict the ability of NCLC and its restricted subsidiaries, as applicable, to (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or distributions on, or redeem or repurchase, equity interests and make other restricted payments; (iii) make investments; (iv) consummate certain asset sales; (v) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; (vi) grant or assume certain liens; and (vii) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of their assets.

In February 2022, NCLC also conducted a private offering (the “Exchangeable Notes Offering”) of $473.2 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.5% exchangeable senior notes due February 15, 2027 (the “2027 2.5% Exchangeable

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Notes”). The 2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes are guaranteed by NCLH on a senior basis. At their option, holders may exchange their 2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes for, at the election of NCLC, cash, ordinary shares of NCLH or a combination of cash and ordinary shares of NCLH, at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 15, 2026, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions and during certain periods, and on or after August 15, 2026 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, regardless of whether such conditions have been met. If NCLC elects to satisfy its exchange obligation solely in ordinary shares or in a combination of ordinary shares and cash, upon exchange, the 2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes will convert into redeemable preference shares of NCLC, which will be immediately and automatically exchanged, for each $1,000 principal amount of exchanged 2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes, into a number of NCLH’s ordinary shares based on the exchange rate. The exchange rate will initially be 28.9765 ordinary shares per $1,000 principal amount of 2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes (equivalent to an initial exchange price of approximately $34.51 per ordinary share). The maximum exchange rate is 44.1891 and reflects potential adjustments to the initial exchange rate, which would only be made in the event of certain make-whole fundamental changes or tax redemption events. The exchange rate referred to above is also subject to adjustment for any stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction. The 2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes pay interest at 2.5% per annum, semiannually on February 15 and August 15 of each year, to holders of record at the close of business on the immediately preceding February 1 and August 1, respectively.

NCLC has used the net proceeds from the Notes Offering and the Exchangeable Notes Offering to redeem (the “Redemption”) all of the outstanding 2024 Senior Secured Notes and 2026 Senior Secured Notes and to make scheduled principal payments on debt maturing in 2022, including, in each case, to pay any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, as well as related premiums, fees and expenses. Simultaneously with the Redemption, and pursuant to certain provisions contained in the indentures governing the 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes and the 2028 Senior Unsecured Notes, each of the guarantors party to such indentures were released from their obligations thereunder. The resulting losses on extinguishments, which are recognized in interest expense, net, were $188.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

In July 2022, NCLC entered into a $1 billion amended and restated commitment letter with the purchasers named therein (collectively, the “Commitment Parties”), which supersedes a $1 billion commitment letter previously executed in November 2021. The amended commitment has been extended through March 31, 2023. Under the amended commitment, the Commitment Parties have agreed to purchase an aggregate of $1 billion of notes at NCLC’s option. NCLC has the option to make up to two draws, in which case NCLC will issue an aggregate of (i) $450 million principal amount of 8.0% senior secured notes due 2025 (the “Secured Notes”) and (ii) $550 million principal amount of 8.0% senior notes due three years after the issue date (the “Unsecured Notes” and, together with the Secured Notes, the “Notes”). The Secured Notes must be issued prior to the Unsecured Notes, and the principal amount of Secured Notes issuable will be increased to the extent that NCLC obtains an increase in obligations that may be secured by liens on collateral pursuant to the terms and conditions of NCLC’s debt agreements (with the principal amount of Unsecured Notes decreased commensurately). If drawn, the Secured Notes will be secured by first-priority interests in, among other things and subject to certain agreed security principles, shares of capital stock in certain guarantors, our material intellectual property and two islands that we use in the operations of our cruise business. The Secured Notes will also be guaranteed by our subsidiaries that own the property that secures the Secured Notes as well as certain additional subsidiaries whose assets do not secure the Secured Notes if drawn. If drawn, the Notes will be subject to a quarterly duration fee of 1.5% with respect to the Secured Notes and a semi-annual duration fee of 3.0% with respect to the Unsecured Notes, as well as draw fees of 3.0% with respect to the Secured Notes and 5.0% with respect to the Unsecured Notes. As of November 8, 2022, the Company has not drawn under this commitment.

We had export credit financing in place for 80% of the contract price for Norwegian Prima, for which we took delivery in July 2022. The associated $1.1 billion term loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 2.68% with a maturity date of July 31, 2034. Principal and interest payments are payable semiannually.

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Exchangeable Notes

The following is a summary of NCLC’s exchangeable notes as of September 30, 2022 (in thousands):


			Unamortized
	Principal		Deferred		Net Carrying		Fair Value
	Amount		Financing Fees		Amount		Amount		Leveling
2024 Exchangeable Notes	$	146,601	$	(2,357)	$	144,244	$	157,958	Level 2
2025 Exchangeable Notes		450,000		(6,932)		443,068		419,864	Level 2
2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes		1,150,000		(24,865)		1,125,135		735,161	Level 2
2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes		473,175		(10,789)		462,386		320,974	Level 2

The following is a summary of NCLC’s exchangeable notes as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


			Unamortized Debt
			Discount,
	Principal		including Deferred		Net Carrying		Fair Value
	Amount		Financing Fees		Amount		Amount		Leveling
2024 Exchangeable Notes	$	146,601	$	(3,408)	$	143,193	$	249,358	Level 2
2025 Exchangeable Notes		450,000		(8,525)		441,475		642,591	Level 2
2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes		1,150,000		(28,948)		1,121,052		1,088,510	Level 2

The following provides a summary of the interest expense of NCLC’s exchangeable notes (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Coupon interest	$	14,405	$	18,984	$	41,321	$	62,109
Amortization of deferred financing fees		3,005		2,593		8,145		7,802
Total	$	17,410	$	21,577	$	49,466	$	69,911

As of September 30, 2022, the effective interest rate is 7.04%, 5.97%, 1.64% and 3.06% for the 2024 Exchangeable Notes, 2025 Exchangeable Notes, 2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes and 2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes, respectively.

Debt Repayments

The following are scheduled principal repayments on our long-term debt including exchangeable notes which can be settled in shares and finance lease obligations as of September 30, 2022 (in thousands):


Year	Amount
Remainder of 2022	$	332,696
2023		1,001,343
2024		3,763,958
2025		1,148,007
2026		2,050,992
2027		3,101,980
Thereafter		2,753,755
Total	$	14,152,731

Debt Covenants

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we amended certain financial and other debt covenants and added new free liquidity requirements. As of September 30, 2022, taking into account such amendments, we were in compliance with all

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of our debt covenants. If we do not continue to remain in compliance with our covenants, we would have to seek additional amendments to or waivers of our covenants. However, no assurances can be made that such amendments or waivers would be approved by our lenders. Generally, if an event of default under any debt agreement occurs, then pursuant to cross default and/or cross acceleration clauses, substantially all of our outstanding debt and derivative contract payables could become due, and all debt and derivative contracts could be terminated, which would have a material adverse impact on our operations and liquidity.

8. Fair Value Measurements and Derivatives

Fair value is defined as the price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (that is, an exit price at the measurement date from the perspective of a market participant that holds the asset or owes the liability).

Fair Value Hierarchy

The following hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available:

Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement dates.

Level 2 Significant other observable inputs that are used by market participants in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources.

Level 3 Significant unobservable inputs we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available.

Derivatives

We are exposed to market risk attributable to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and fuel prices. We attempt to minimize these risks through a combination of our normal operating and financing activities and through the use of derivatives. We assess whether derivatives used in hedging transactions are “highly effective” in offsetting changes in the cash flow of our hedged forecasted transactions. We use qualitative assessments or regression analysis for hedge relationships and high effectiveness is achieved when a statistically valid relationship reflects a high degree of offset and correlation between the fair values of the derivative and the hedged forecasted transaction. Cash flows from the derivatives are classified in the same category as the cash flows from the underlying hedged transaction. If it is determined that the hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring, then the amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is released to earnings. There are no amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness, except when the hedged item is a contractually specified component, and there are no credit-risk-related contingent features in our derivative agreements. We monitor concentrations of credit risk associated with financial and other institutions with which we conduct significant business. Credit risk, including but not limited to counterparty non-performance under derivatives, is not considered significant, as we primarily conduct business with large, well-established financial institutions with which we have established relationships, and which have credit risks acceptable to us, or the credit risk is spread out among many creditors. We do not anticipate non-performance by any of our significant counterparties.

As of September 30, 2022, we had fuel swaps, which are used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility of fuel prices pertaining to approximately 452 thousand metric tons of our projected fuel purchases, maturing through December 31, 2023.

As of September 30, 2022, we had fuel swaps pertaining to approximately 15 thousand metric tons of our projected fuel purchases which were not designated as cash flow hedges maturing through December 31, 2023.

As of September 30, 2022, we had foreign currency forward contracts, matured foreign currency options and matured foreign currency collars which are used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility in foreign currency exchange rates

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related to our ship construction contracts denominated in euros. The notional amount of our hedged foreign currency forward contracts was €1.7 billion, or $1.7 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2022.

The derivatives measured at fair value and the respective location in the consolidated balance sheets include the following (in thousands):


		Assets				Liabilities
		September 30,		December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
	Balance Sheet Location	2022		2021		2022		2021
Derivative Contracts Designated as Hedging Instruments

Fuel contracts
	Prepaid expenses and other assets	$	62,387	$	29,349	$	2,713	$	—
	Other long-term assets		14,908		19,554		1,924		—
	Accrued expenses and other liabilities		2,363		—		3,028		—
	Other long-term liabilities		549		—		1,236		—
Foreign currency contracts
	Prepaid expenses and other assets		—		4,898		—		—
	Accrued expenses and other liabilities		—		—		240,918		98,592
	Other long-term liabilities		—		—		68,878		73,496
Interest rate contracts
	Accrued expenses and other liabilities		—		—		—		469
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments		$	80,207	$	53,801	$	318,697	$	172,557

Derivative Contracts Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Fuel contracts
	Prepaid expenses and other assets	$	9	$	10,836	$	184	$	—
	Other long-term assets		—		3,476		522		—
	Accrued expenses and other liabilities		—		—		138		—
	Other long-term liabilities		—		—		200		—
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments		$	9	$	14,312	$	1,044	$	—
Total derivatives		$	80,216	$	68,113	$	319,741	$	172,557

The fair values of swap and forward contracts are determined based on inputs that are readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets. The Company determines the value of options and collars utilizing an option pricing model based on inputs that are either readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets. The option pricing model used by the Company is an industry standard model for valuing options and is used by the broker/dealer community. The inputs to this option pricing model are the option strike price, underlying price, risk-free rate of interest, time to expiration, and volatility. The fair value of option contracts considers both the intrinsic value and any remaining time value associated with those derivatives that have not yet settled. The Company also considers counterparty credit risk and its own credit risk in its determination of all estimated fair values.

Our derivatives and financial instruments were categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, and we had no derivatives or financial instruments categorized as Level 1 or Level 3. Our derivative contracts include rights of offset with our counterparties. We have elected to net certain assets and liabilities within counterparties when the rights of offset exist. We are not required to post cash collateral related to our derivative instruments.

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The following table discloses the gross and net amounts recognized within assets and liabilities (in thousands):


			Gross				Gross
	Gross		Amounts		Total Net		Amounts
September 30, 2022	Amounts		Offset		Amounts		Not Offset		Net Amounts
Assets	$	77,304	$	(5,343)	$	71,961	$	—	$	71,961
Liabilities		314,398		(2,912)		311,486		(309,796)		1,690


			Gross				Gross
	Gross		Amounts		Total Net		Amounts
December 31, 2021	Amounts		Offset		Amounts		Not Offset		Net Amounts
Assets	$	68,113	$	—	$	68,113	$	(68,113)	$	—
Liabilities		172,557		—		172,557		(172,557)		—

The effects of cash flow hedge accounting on accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows (in thousands):


					Location of Gain
					(Loss) Reclassified
					from Accumulated	Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified
	Amount of Gain (Loss)				Other Comprehensive	from Accumulated Other
	Recognized in Other				Income (Loss) into	Comprehensive Income
Derivatives	Comprehensive Loss				Income (Expense)	(Loss) into Income (Expense)
	Three Months		Three Months			Three Months		Three Months
	Ended		Ended			Ended		Ended
	September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021			September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Fuel contracts	$	(48,593)	$	19,202	Fuel	$	33,886	$	(10,278)
Fuel contracts		—		—	Other income (expense), net		(293)		(65)
Foreign currency contracts		(146,950)		(64,306)	Depreciation and amortization		(1,831)		(1,267)
Interest rate contracts		—		(30)	Interest expense, net		—		(1,338)
Total gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive loss	$	(195,543)	$	(45,134)		$	31,762	$	(12,948)


					Location of Gain
					(Loss) Reclassified
					from Accumulated	Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified
	Amount of Gain (Loss)				Other Comprehensive	from Accumulated Other
	Recognized in Other				Income (Loss) into	Comprehensive Income
Derivatives	Comprehensive Loss				Income (Expense)	(Loss) into Income (Expense)
	Nine Months		Nine Months			Nine Months		Nine Months
	Ended		Ended			Ended		Ended
	September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021			September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Fuel contracts	$	96,139	$	68,708	Fuel	$	80,037	$	(27,101)
Fuel contracts		—		—	Other income (expense), net		(293)		(11,793)
Foreign currency contracts		(342,881)		(142,466)	Depreciation and amortization		(4,365)		(3,800)
Interest rate contracts		—		261	Interest expense, net		(40)		(5,634)
Total gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive loss	$	(246,742)	$	(73,497)		$	75,339	$	(48,328)

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The effects of cash flow hedge accounting on the consolidated statements of operations include the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022								Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
			Depreciation								Depreciation
			and		Interest		Other Income				and		Interest		Other Income
	Fuel		Amortization		Expense, net		(Expense), net		Fuel		Amortization		Expense, net		(Expense), net
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of operations in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded	$	186,984	$	186,551	$	152,330	$	31,461	$	79,238	$	173,289	$	161,205	$	4,720

Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (expense)
Fuel contracts		33,886		—		—		—		(10,278)		—		—		—
Foreign currency contracts		—		(1,831)		—		—		—		(1,267)		—		—
Interest rate contracts		—		—		—		—		—		—		(1,338)		—

Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (expense) as a result that a forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring
Fuel contracts		—		—		—		(293)		—		—		—		(65)

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022								Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
			Depreciation								Depreciation
			and		Interest		Other Income				and		Interest		Other Income
	Fuel		Amortization		Expense, net		(Expense), net		Fuel		Amortization		Expense, net		(Expense), net
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of operations in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded	$	503,682	$	547,214	$	624,392	$	100,572	$	175,931	$	517,867	$	1,122,905	$	57,464

Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (expense)
Fuel contracts		80,037		—		—		—		(27,101)		—		—		—
Foreign currency contracts		—		(4,365)		—		—		—		(3,800)		—		—
Interest rate contracts		—		—		(40)		—		—		—		(5,634)		—

Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (expense) as a result that a forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring
Fuel contracts		—		—		—		(293)		—		—		—		(11,793)

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The effects of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the consolidated statements of operations include the following (in thousands):


		Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
		Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
		September 30,				September 30,
	Location of Gain (Loss)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Fuel contracts	Other income (expense), net	$	(733)	$	7,398	$	33,345	$	57,505
Foreign currency contracts	Other income (expense), net		(1,905)		(4)		(13,761)		(61)

Long-Term Debt

As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the fair value of our long-term debt, including the current portion, was $12.0 billion and $12.5 billion, respectively, which was $2.2 billion and $0.1 billion lower, respectively, than the carrying values, excluding deferred financing costs. The difference between the fair value and carrying value of our long-term debt is due to our fixed and variable rate debt obligations carrying interest rates that are above or below market rates at the measurement dates. The fair value of our long-term revolving and term loan facilities was calculated based on estimated rates for the same or similar instruments with similar terms and remaining maturities. The fair value of our exchangeable notes considers observable risk-free rates; credit spreads of the same or similar instruments; and share prices, tenors, and historical and implied volatilities which are sourced from observable market data. The inputs are considered to be Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. Market risk associated with our long-term variable rate debt is the potential increase in interest expense from an increase in interest rates or from an increase in share values.

Other

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets of all other financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value.

9. Employee Benefits and Compensation Plans

In January 2013, NCLH adopted the 2013 Performance Incentive Plan, which provided for the issuance of up to 15,035,106 of NCLH’s ordinary shares pursuant to awards granted under the plan. In May 2016 and May 2021, the plan was amended and restated (the “Restated 2013 Plan”) pursuant to approval from the Board of Directors and NCLH’s shareholders. Among other things, under the Restated 2013 Plan, the number of NCLH’s ordinary shares that may be delivered pursuant to all awards granted under the plan was increased to a maximum aggregate limit of 32,375,106 shares. In June 2022, NCLH’s shareholders approved a further amendment and restatement of the Restated 2013 Plan to increase the number of NCLH ordinary shares that may be delivered by 7,000,000, resulting in an increase in the maximum aggregate limit to 39,375,106 shares.

Restricted Share Unit Awards

In March 2022, NCLH granted 4.8 million time-based restricted share unit awards to our employees, which primarily vest in substantially equal installments over three years. Additionally, in March 2022, NCLH granted 1.9 million performance-based restricted share units to certain members of our management team, which vest upon the achievement

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of certain pre-established performance targets established through 2024 and the satisfaction of an additional time-based vesting requirement that generally requires continued employment through March 1, 2025.

The following is a summary of restricted share unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022:


	Number of	Weighted-		Number of	Weighted-		Number of	Weighted-
	Time-Based	Average Grant		Performance-	Average Grant		Market-	Average Grant
	Awards	Date Fair Value		Based Awards	Date Fair Value		Based Awards	Date Fair Value
Non-vested as of January 1, 2022	7,771,623	$	27.02	1,841,113	$	35.68	50,000	$	59.43
Granted	4,890,659		18.56	1,857,750		18.48	—		—
Vested	(4,927,151)		25.18	(520,129)		28.39	—		—
Forfeited or expired	(287,949)		24.07	(292,043)		35.59	—		—
Non-vested as of September 30, 2022	7,447,182		22.80	2,886,691		25.93	50,000		59.43

The compensation expense recognized for share-based compensation for the periods presented include the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Payroll and related expense	$	4,677	$	6,525	$	16,613	$	16,225
Marketing, general and administrative expense		21,406		33,397		72,310		72,749
Total share-based compensation expense	$	26,083	$	39,922	$	88,923	$	88,974

10. Commitments and Contingencies

Ship Construction Contracts

For the Norwegian brand, the first Prima Class Ship, Norwegian Prima, at approximately 143,500 Gross Tons and with 3,100 Berths, was delivered in July 2022. We have five additional Prima Class Ships on order, each ranging from approximately 143,500 to 156,300 Gross Tons with approximately 3,100 to 3,550 Berths, with currently scheduled delivery dates from 2023 through 2027. For the Regent brand, we have an order for one Explorer Class Ship to be delivered in 2023, which will be approximately 55,000 Gross Tons and 750 Berths. For the Oceania Cruises brand, we have orders for two Allura Class Ships to be delivered in 2023 and 2025. Each of the Allura Class Ships will be approximately 67,000 Gross Tons and 1,200 Berths. The impacts of COVID-19 on the shipyards where our ships are under construction (or will be constructed), Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine and/or other macroeconomic events, have already resulted in some delays in expected ship deliveries. These impacts along with other potential modifications the Company may make to its newbuilds, including potential initiatives to improve environmental sustainability, are expected to result in additional delays in ship deliveries in the future, which may be prolonged.

The combined contract prices of the eight ships on order for delivery as of September 30, 2022 was approximately €6.7 billion, or $6.6 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2022. We have obtained export credit financing which is expected to fund approximately 80% of the contract price of each ship, subject to certain conditions. We do not anticipate any contractual breaches or cancellations to occur. However, if any such events were to occur, it could result in, among other things, the forfeiture of prior deposits or payments made by us and potential claims and impairment losses which may materially impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Litigation

Investigations

In March 2020, the Florida Attorney General announced an investigation related to the Company’s marketing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the announcement of the investigation by the Florida Attorney General, we received notifications from other attorneys general and governmental agencies that they are conducting similar investigations. The Company is cooperating with these ongoing investigations, the outcomes of which cannot be predicted at this time.

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Helms-Burton Act

On August 27, 2019, two lawsuits were filed against Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida under Title III of the Cuban Liberty and Solidarity (Libertad) Act of 1996, also known as the Helms-Burton Act. The complaint filed by Havana Docks Corporation (the “Havana Docks Matter”) alleges it holds an interest in the Havana Cruise Port Terminal and the complaint filed by Javier Garcia-Bengochea (the “Garcia-Bengochea Matter”) alleges that he holds an interest in the Port of Santiago, Cuba, both of which were expropriated by the Cuban Government. The complaints further allege that the Company “trafficked” in those properties by embarking and disembarking passengers at these facilities, as well as profiting from the Cuban Government’s possession of the property. The plaintiffs seek all available statutory remedies, including the value of the expropriated property, plus interest, treble damages, attorneys’ fees and costs. On September 1, 2020, the court in the Garcia-Bengochea Matter entered an order staying all case deadlines and administratively closed the case pending the outcome of an appeal in a related case brought by the same plaintiff, in which the district court granted another cruise line defendant judgment on the pleadings. In the Havana Docks Matter, after various motions challenging the sufficiency of plaintiff’s complaint were resolved and voluminous discovery was completed, both sides filed motions for summary judgment. On March 21, 2022, the court issued an order granting plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment on the issue of liability. The court scheduled a trial on determination of damages only for November 2022. The plaintiff elected to seek what the court ruled to be its baseline statutory damage amount, which is the amount of the certified claim plus interest, trebled and with attorneys’ fees. Given this, there is no fact issue to be tried, and the matter was removed from the trial calendar. The parties are presently engaged in pre-judgment briefing which the court will need to resolve before it enters a final judgment and the Company takes its plenary appeal. We believe that the likelihood of loss is reasonably possible but not probable at this time, therefore, no liability has been recorded. Based on the calculation of the baseline statutory damages motions that were granted, the damage award reflected in final judgment, exclusive of plaintiff’s attorney’s fees and costs, may be approximately $110 million. The entry of final judgment is expected in late December 2022 or early 2023. For the Garcia Bengochea Matter, we are unable to reasonably estimate any potential loss or range of losses. The ability to make such estimates and judgments can be affected by various factors including, among other things: lack of legal precedent, stage of the proceedings, legal uncertainties inherent within the litigation process, availment of appellate remedies, and involvement of numerous parties. We continue to believe we have meritorious defenses to these matters and plan to appeal the Havana Docks Matter. However, if the plaintiffs prevail in the final outcome of these matters, there may be a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows.

Other

We are a party to a claim against a vendor which has resulted in a verdict of approximately $159 million in favor of the Company in October 2022. At this time, there can be no assurance that the Company will ultimately prevail in the final outcome of this claim as the verdict may be appealed and no receivable has been recognized.

In the normal course of our business, various other claims and lawsuits have been filed or are pending against us. Most of these claims and lawsuits are covered by insurance and, accordingly, the maximum amount of our liability is typically limited to our deductible amount. Nonetheless, the ultimate outcome of these claims and lawsuits that are not covered by insurance cannot be determined at this time. We have evaluated our overall exposure with respect to all of our threatened and pending litigation and, to the extent required, we have accrued amounts for all estimable probable losses associated with our deemed exposure. We are currently unable to estimate any other potential losses beyond those accrued, as discovery is not complete nor is adequate information available to estimate such range of loss or potential recovery. However, based on our current knowledge, we do not believe that the aggregate amount or range of reasonably possible losses with respect to these matters will be material to our consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. We intend to vigorously defend our legal position on all claims and, to the extent necessary, seek recovery.

Other Contingencies

The Company also has agreements with its credit card processors that govern approximately $2.1 billion in advance ticket sales at September 30, 2022 that have been received by the Company relating to future voyages. These agreements

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allow the credit card processors to require under certain circumstances, including the existence of a material adverse change, excessive chargebacks and other triggering events, that the Company maintain a reserve which would be satisfied by posting collateral. Although the agreements vary, these requirements may generally be satisfied either through a percentage of customer payments withheld or providing cash funds directly to the card processor. Any cash reserve or collateral requested could be increased or decreased. As of September 30, 2022, we had cash reserves of approximately $742.5 million with credit card processors, of which approximately $237.0 million is recognized in accounts receivable, net and approximately $505.5 million in other long-term assets. As of September 30, 2022, a portion of the cash reserves is classified as long-term due to a change in terms to a static reserve, as currently required by a credit card processor, subject to periodic review. We may be required to pledge additional collateral and/or post additional cash reserves or take other actions that may further reduce our liquidity.

11. Other Income (Expense), Net

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 other income (expense), net consisted of income of $31.5 million and $100.6 million, respectively, primarily due to gains on foreign currency remeasurements. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, other income (expense), net consisted of income of $4.7 million and $57.5 million, respectively, primarily due to gains on fuel swaps not designated as hedges and foreign currency remeasurements.

12. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we had non-cash investing activities consisting of changes in accruals related to property and equipment of $101.7 million and $64.6 million, respectively.

13. Related Party Disclosures

NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, were all parties to an indenture, dated May 28, 2020 (the “Indenture”) related to the Private Exchangeable Notes, which were held by an affiliate of L Catterton (the “Private Investor”). Based on the initial exchange rate for the Private Exchangeable Notes, the Private Investor beneficially owned approximately 10% of NCLH’s outstanding ordinary shares as of December 31, 2020. The initial exchange rate for the Private Exchangeable Notes could have been adjusted in the event of certain make-whole fundamental changes or tax redemption events (each, as described in the Indenture), but the maximum number of NCLH ordinary shares issuable upon an exchange in the event of such an adjustment would not have exceeded 46,577,947. The Private Exchangeable Notes also contained certain anti-dilution provisions that could have subjected the exchange rate to additional adjustment if certain events had occurred.

NCLH, NCLC and the Private Investor also entered into an investor rights agreement, dated May 28, 2020 (the “Investor Rights Agreement”), which provided that, among other things, the Private Investor was entitled to nominate one person for appointment to the board of directors of NCLH until the first date on which the Private Investor no longer beneficially owned in the aggregate at least 50% of the number of NCLH’s ordinary shares issuable upon exchange of the Private Exchangeable Notes beneficially owned by the Private Investor in the aggregate as of May 28, 2020 (subject to certain adjustments).

The Investor Rights Agreement also provided for customary registration rights for the Private Investor and its affiliates, including demand and piggyback registration rights, contained customary transfer restrictions and provided that the Private Investor and its affiliates were subject to a voting agreement with respect to certain matters during a specified period of time.

In a privately negotiated transaction among NCLH, NCLC and the Private Investor, NCLC agreed to repurchase all of the outstanding Private Exchangeable Notes for an aggregate repurchase price of approximately $1.0 billion (the “Repurchase”). On March 9, 2021, in connection with the settlement of the Repurchase, the trustee cancelled the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the Private Exchangeable Notes and confirmed that NCLC had satisfied and discharged its obligations under the Indenture. In connection with the Repurchase, we and the Private Investor agreed to terminate the Investor Rights Agreement effective upon the consummation of the Repurchase. Notwithstanding

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the termination, we and the Private Investor agreed that certain provisions related to indemnification and expense reimbursement would survive in accordance with their terms.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

Some of the statements, estimates or projections contained in this report are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained, or incorporated by reference, in this report, including, without limitation, those regarding our business strategy, financial position, results of operations, plans, prospects, actions taken or strategies being considered with respect to our liquidity position, valuation and appraisals of our assets and objectives of management for future operations (including those regarding expected fleet additions, our expectations regarding the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and general macroeconomic conditions, our expectations regarding cruise voyage occupancy, the implementation of and effectiveness of our health and safety protocols, operational position, demand for voyages, plans or goals for our sustainability program and decarbonization efforts, our expectations for future cash flows and profitability, financing opportunities and extensions, and future cost mitigation and cash conservation efforts and efforts to reduce operating expenses and capital expenditures) are forward-looking statements. Many, but not all, of these statements can be found by looking for words like “expect,” “anticipate,” “goal,” “project,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “will,” “may,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “intend,” “future” and similar words. Forward-looking statements do not guarantee future performance and may involve risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from the future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied in those forward-looking statements. Examples of these risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to the impact of:

●

the spread of epidemics, pandemics and viral outbreaks, including the COVID-19 pandemic, and their effect on the ability or desire of people to travel (including on cruises), which is expected to continue to adversely impact our results, operations, outlook, plans, goals, growth, reputation, cash flows, liquidity, demand for voyages and share price;

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implementing precautions in coordination with regulators and global public health authorities to protect the health, safety and security of guests, crew and the communities we visit and to comply with regulatory restrictions related to the pandemic;

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our indebtedness and restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness that require us to maintain minimum levels of liquidity and be in compliance with maintenance covenants and otherwise limit our flexibility in operating our business, including the significant portion of assets that are collateral under these agreements;

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our ability to work with lenders and others or otherwise pursue options to defer, renegotiate, refinance or restructure our existing debt profile, near-term debt amortization, newbuild related payments and other obligations and to work with credit card processors to satisfy current or potential future demands for collateral on cash advanced from customers relating to future cruises;

●

our need for additional financing or financing to optimize our balance sheet, which may not be available on favorable terms, or at all, and our outstanding exchangeable notes and any future financing which may be dilutive to existing shareholders;

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the unavailability of ports of call;

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future increases in the price of, or major changes or reduction in, commercial airline services;

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changes involving the tax and environmental regulatory regimes in which we operate, including new regulations aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions;

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the accuracy of any appraisals of our assets as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise;

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our success in controlling operating expenses and capital expenditures;

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trends in, or changes to, future bookings and our ability to take future reservations and receive deposits related thereto;

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adverse events impacting the security of travel, such as terrorist acts, armed conflict, such as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and threats thereof, acts of piracy, and other international events;

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adverse incidents involving cruise ships;

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adverse general economic and related factors, including as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine or otherwise, such as fluctuating or increasing levels of interest rates, inflation, unemployment, underemployment and the volatility of fuel prices, declines in the securities and real estate markets, and perceptions of these conditions that decrease the level of disposable income of consumers or consumer confidence;

●

breaches in data security or other disturbances to our information technology and other networks or our actual or perceived failure to comply with requirements regarding data privacy and protection;

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changes in fuel prices and the type of fuel we are permitted to use and/or other cruise operating costs;

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mechanical malfunctions and repairs, delays in our shipbuilding program, maintenance and refurbishments and the consolidation of qualified shipyard facilities;

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the risks and increased costs associated with operating internationally;

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our inability to recruit or retain qualified personnel or the loss of key personnel or employee relations issues;

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our inability to obtain adequate insurance coverage;

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pending or threatened litigation, investigations and enforcement actions;

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any further impairment of our trademarks, trade names or goodwill;

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volatility and disruptions in the global credit and financial markets, which may adversely affect our ability to borrow and could increase our counterparty credit risks, including those under our credit facilities, derivatives, contingent obligations, insurance contracts and new ship progress payment guarantees;

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our reliance on third parties to provide hotel management services for certain ships and certain other services;

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fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;

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our expansion into new markets and investments in new markets and land-based destination projects;

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overcapacity in key markets or globally; and

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other factors set forth under “Risk Factors” herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2022 (“Annual Report on Form 10-K”).

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Additionally, many of these risks and uncertainties are currently amplified by and will continue to be amplified by, or in the future may be amplified by, the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the impact of general macroeconomic conditions. It is not possible to predict or identify all such risks. There may be additional risks that we consider immaterial or which are unknown.

The above examples are not exhaustive and new risks emerge from time to time. Such forward-looking statements are based on our current beliefs, assumptions, expectations, estimates and projections regarding our present and future business strategies and the environment in which we expect to operate in the future. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any change of events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement was based, except as required by law.

Terminology

This report includes certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as Adjusted Gross Margin, Net Cruise Cost, Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS. Definitions of these non- GAAP financial measures are included below. For further information about our non-GAAP financial measures including detailed adjustments made in calculation our non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, we refer you to “Results of Operations” below.

Unless otherwise indicated in this report, the following terms have the meanings set forth below:

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2024 Exchangeable Notes. On May 8, 2020, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $862.5 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2024.

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2024 Senior Secured Notes. On May 14, 2020, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, the guarantors party thereto, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee and security agent, NCLC issued $675.0 million aggregate principal amount of 12.25% senior secured notes due 2024.

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2025 Exchangeable Notes. On July 21, 2020, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2025.

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2026 Senior Secured Notes. On July 21, 2020, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, the guarantors party thereto, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee and security agent, NCLC issued $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 10.25% senior secured notes due 2026.

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2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes. On November 19, 2021, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $1,150.0 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2027.

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Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA adjusted for other income (expense), net and other supplemental adjustments.

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Adjusted EPS. Adjusted Net Loss divided by the number of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding.

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Adjusted Gross Margin. Gross margin adjusted for payroll and related, fuel, food, other and ship depreciation. Gross margin is calculated pursuant to GAAP as total revenue less total cruise operating expense and ship depreciation.

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Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel. Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel adjusted for supplemental adjustments.

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Adjusted Net Loss. Net loss adjusted for supplemental adjustments.

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Allura Class Ships. Oceania Cruises’ Vista and one additional ship on order.

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Berths. Double occupancy capacity per cabin (single occupancy per studio cabin) even though many cabins can accommodate three or more passengers.

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Capacity Days. Berths available for sale multiplied by the number of cruise days for the period for ships in service.

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CDC. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Constant Currency. A calculation whereby foreign currency-denominated revenue and expenses in a period are converted at the U.S. dollar exchange rate of a comparable period to eliminate the effects of foreign exchange fluctuations.

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Dry-dock. A process whereby a ship is positioned in a large basin where all of the fresh/sea water is pumped out in order to carry out cleaning and repairs of those parts of a ship which are below the water line.

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EBITDA. Earnings before interest, taxes, and depreciation and amortization.

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EPS. Loss per share.

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Explorer Class Ships. Regent’s Seven Seas Explorer, Seven Seas Splendor, and Seven Seas Grandeur.

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GAAP. Generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S.

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Gross Cruise Cost. The sum of total cruise operating expense and marketing, general and administrative expense.

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Gross Tons. A unit of enclosed passenger space on a cruise ship, such that one gross ton equals 100 cubic feet or 2.831 cubic meters.

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Net Cruise Cost. Gross Cruise Cost less commissions, transportation and other expense and onboard and other expense.

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Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel. Net Cruise Cost less fuel expense.

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Occupancy Percentage. The ratio of Passenger Cruise Days to Capacity Days. A percentage greater than 100% indicates that three or more passengers occupied some cabins.

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Passenger Cruise Days. The number of passengers carried for the period, multiplied by the number of days in their respective cruises.

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Prima Class Ships. Norwegian Prima, Norwegian Viva and four additional ships on order.

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Private Exchangeable Notes. On May 28, 2020, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2026.

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Revolving Loan Facility. $875.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility.

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SEC. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

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Shipboard Retirement Plan. An unfunded defined benefit pension plan for certain crew members which computes benefits based on years of service, subject to certain requirements.

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Term Loan A Facility. The senior secured term loan A facility having an outstanding principal amount of approximately $1.5 billion as of September 30, 2022.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We use certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as Adjusted Gross Margin, Net Cruise Cost, Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS, to enable us to analyze our performance. See “Terminology” for the definitions of these and other non-GAAP financial measures. We utilize Adjusted Gross Margin to manage our business on a day-to-day basis because it reflects revenue earned net of certain direct variable costs. We also utilize Net Cruise Cost and Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel to manage our business on a day-to-day basis. In measuring our ability to control costs in a manner that positively impacts net income (loss), we believe changes in Adjusted Gross Margin, Net Cruise Cost and Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel to be the most relevant indicators of our performance.

As our business includes the sourcing of passengers and deployment of vessels outside of the U.S., a portion of our revenue and expenses are denominated in foreign currencies, particularly British pound, Canadian dollar, Euro and Australian dollar which are subject to fluctuations in currency exchange rates versus our reporting currency, the U.S. dollar. In order to monitor results excluding these fluctuations, we calculate certain non-GAAP measures on a Constant Currency basis, whereby current period revenue and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are converted to U.S. dollars using currency exchange rates of the comparable period. We believe that presenting these non-GAAP measures on both a reported and Constant Currency basis is useful in providing a more comprehensive view of trends in our business.

We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is appropriate as a supplemental financial measure as it is used by management to assess operating performance. We also believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure in determining our performance as it reflects certain operating drivers of our business, such as sales growth, operating costs, marketing, general and administrative expense and other operating income and expense. Adjusted EBITDA is not a defined term under GAAP nor is it intended to be a measure of liquidity or cash flows from operations or a measure comparable to net income (loss), as it does not take into account certain requirements such as capital expenditures and related depreciation, principal and interest payments and tax payments and it includes other supplemental adjustments.

In addition, Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS are non-GAAP financial measures that exclude certain amounts and are used to supplement GAAP net loss and EPS. We use Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS as key performance measures of our earnings performance. We believe that both management and investors benefit from referring to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures also facilitate management’s internal comparison to our historical performance. In addition, management uses Adjusted EPS as a performance measure for our incentive compensation during normal operations. The amounts excluded in the presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures may vary from period to period; accordingly, our presentation of Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS may not be indicative of future adjustments or results.

You are encouraged to evaluate each adjustment used in calculating our non-GAAP financial measures and the reasons we consider our non-GAAP financial measures appropriate for supplemental analysis. In evaluating our non-GAAP financial measures, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in our presentation. Our non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider these measures in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Our presentation of our non-GAAP financial measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to other companies. Please see a

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historical reconciliation of these measures to the most comparable GAAP measure presented in our consolidated financial statements below in the “Results of Operations” section.

Financial Presentation

We categorize revenue from our cruise and cruise-related activities as either “passenger ticket” revenue or “onboard and other” revenue. Passenger ticket revenue and onboard and other revenue vary according to product offering, the size of the ship in operation, the length of cruises operated and the markets in which the ship operates. Our revenue is seasonal based on demand for cruises, which has historically been strongest during the Northern Hemisphere’s summer months; however, our cruise voyages were completely suspended from March 2020 until July 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and our resumption of cruise voyages was phased in gradually. Passenger ticket revenue primarily consists of revenue for accommodations, meals in certain restaurants on the ship, certain onboard entertainment, and includes revenue for service charges and air and land transportation to and from the ship to the extent guests purchase these items from us. Onboard and other revenue primarily consists of revenue from gaming, beverage sales, shore excursions, specialty dining, retail sales, spa services and photo services. Our onboard revenue is derived from onboard activities we perform directly or that are performed by independent concessionaires, from which we receive a share of their revenue.

Our cruise operating expense is classified as follows:

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Commissions, transportation and other primarily consists of direct costs associated with passenger ticket revenue. These costs include travel agent commissions, air and land transportation expenses, related credit card fees, certain port expenses and the costs associated with shore excursions and hotel accommodations included as part of the overall cruise purchase price.

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Onboard and other primarily consists of direct costs incurred in connection with onboard and other revenue, including casino, beverage sales and shore excursions.

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Payroll and related consists of the cost of wages and benefits for shipboard employees and costs of certain inventory items, including food, for a third party that provides crew and other hotel services for certain ships. The cost of crew repatriation, including charters, housing, testing and other costs related to COVID-19 are also included.

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Fuel includes fuel costs, the impact of certain fuel hedges and fuel delivery costs.

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Food consists of food costs for passengers and crew on certain ships.

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Other consists of repairs and maintenance (including Dry-dock costs), ship insurance and other ship expenses.

Critical Accounting Policies

For a discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates, see “Critical Accounting Policies” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” We have made no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine

The conflict from Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine resulted in the cancellation or modification of approximately 60 sailings in 2022, which included all voyages with calls to ports in Russia. Three ships were redeployed as a result of the conflict including Norwegian Getaway to Port Canaveral, Oceania Cruises’ Marina to the British Isles and Regent’s Seven Seas Splendor to Northern Europe. In addition, the Company has also removed all calls to ports in Russia from its itineraries in 2023 and 2024. In addition to the direct impacts noted above, the conflict has also had indirect adverse

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impacts on customer demand (see “Update on Bookings”) and the cost of fuel and could continue to have an impact on travel and consumer discretionary spending.

Update Regarding COVID-19 Pandemic

Safe Resumption of Operations

Due to the impact of COVID-19, travel restrictions and limited access to ports around the world, in March 2020, the Company implemented a voluntary suspension of all cruise voyages across our three brands. In the third quarter of 2021, we began a phased relaunch of certain cruise voyages with ships initially operating at reduced occupancy levels. In early May 2022, the Company completed the phased relaunch of its entire fleet with all ships now in operation with guests on board. The level of occupancy on our ships and the percentage of our fleet in service will depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the duration and extent of the COVID-19 pandemic, further resurgences of COVID-19 or the emergence of other public health crises, our ability to comply with governmental regulations and implement new health and safety protocols, port availability, travel restrictions, bans and advisories, our ability to staff certain ships and additionally the impact of other events impacting travel or consumer discretionary spending, such as Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine, and general macroeconomic conditions discussed below under “Macroeconomic Trends and Uncertainties.”

The Company continues to benefit from significant improvements in the public health environment. In July 2022, the CDC announced that its voluntary COVID-19 Program for Cruise Ships Operating in U.S. Waters was no longer in effect, but that it will continue to publish health and safety guidance. The Company continues to operate under its science-backed SailSAFE health and safety program which will evolve along with the public health environment. On Oceania Cruises, vaccinated guests aged 12 and over will no longer have any pre-cruise COVID-19 related protocols and unvaccinated travelers may embark with a negative COVID-19 test taken within 72 hours prior to departure. Guests 11 and under will be exempt from all vaccination and testing requirements. On Regent, fully vaccinated guests are not required to test prior to embarkation and unvaccinated guests or those unwilling to present proof of vaccination must present a negative COVID-19 test prior to embarkation. Effective October 4, 2022, Norwegian updated its global health and safety protocols to remove all COVID-19 testing, masking and vaccination requirements for guests. Requirements may differ for guests traveling on voyages departing from or visiting destinations with specific local regulations. The Company will continue to evaluate its protocols and modify as needed as the public health environment evolves.

The Company continues to follow applicable travel guidelines and local protocols as required by the ports and destinations it visits. We continue to work with federal agencies, public health authorities and national and local governments in areas where we operate to take all necessary measures to protect our guests, crew and the communities visited. The protocol revisions in conjunction with continued easing of travel restrictions and reopening to cruise in more ports around the globe are positive as it reduces friction, expands the addressable cruise market, brings variety to itineraries, and provides additional catalysts on the road to recovery.

Modified Policies

We have launched cancellation policies for certain sailings booked during certain time periods to permit certain guests to cancel cruises which were not part of a temporary suspension of voyages up to 15 days prior to embarkation or in the event of a positive COVID-19 test and receive a refund in the form of a credit to be applied toward a future cruise. These programs are in place for cruises booked through specific time periods specified by brand. Standard payment schedules and cancellation penalties apply for all sailings after September 30, 2022. The future cruise credits that have been issued as face value reimbursement for cancelled bookings due to COVID-19 are generally valid for any sailing through June 30, 2023, and we may further extend the length of time these future cruise credits may be redeemed. The use of such credits may prevent us from garnering certain future cash collections as staterooms booked by guests with such credits will not be available for sale, resulting in less cash collected from bookings to new guests. We may incur incremental commission expense for the use of these future cruise credits.

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Financing Transactions

In 2022, we have continued to take actions to bolster our financial condition while the global cruise environment remains challenging. To enhance our liquidity profile and financial flexibility, in February 2022, we received additional financing through various debt financings, collectively totaling $2.1 billion in gross proceeds, which has been used to redeem all of the outstanding 2024 Senior Secured Notes and 2026 Senior Secured Notes and to make scheduled principal payments on debt maturing in 2022, including, in each case, to pay any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, as well as related premiums, fees and expenses.

In July 2022, the Company amended its $1 billion commitment, which provides additional liquidity to the Company, extending the commitment through March 31, 2023. The Company has not drawn and currently does not intend to draw under this commitment.

See Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt” for more information.

Update on Bookings

As expected, the Company’s current cumulative booked position for the fourth quarter of 2022 is below the comparable 2019 period but at higher prices even when including the dilutive impact of future cruise credits. Booking trends for full year 2023 remain positive with cumulative booked position equal to record 2019 levels inclusive of the Company’s increase in capacity. Pricing is higher than that of 2019 at a similar point in time for full year 2023. Net booking volumes continue to be at the pace needed to reach historical Occupancy Percentage levels in 2023; however, our full fleet may not achieve historical occupancy levels on our expected schedule and as a result, current booking data may not be informative. In addition, because of our updated cancellation policies, bookings may not be representative of actual cruise revenues.

There are remaining uncertainties about when our full fleet will be back at historical occupancy levels and, accordingly, we cannot estimate the impact on our business, financial condition or near- or longer-term financial or operational results with certainty; however, we will report a net loss for the fourth quarter of 2022.

Macroeconomic Trends and Uncertainties

As a result of conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and other global events, such as Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine and actions taken by the United States and other governments in response to the invasion, the global economy, including the financial and credit markets, has recently experienced significant volatility and disruptions, including increases in inflation rates, fuel prices, and interest rates. Our costs have been, and are expected to continue to be, impacted by these increases. To attempt to mitigate the risk of adverse changes in fuel prices and interest expense, we have used and may continue to use derivatives. In an attempt to mitigate risks related to inflation, our Supply Chain Department has negotiated contracts with varying terms, with a goal of providing us with the ability to take advantage of cost declines when they occur, and diversified our sourcing options. Due to the dynamic nature of the current economic landscape, the severity and duration of the impact of these conditions on our business cannot be predicted. See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” for additional information.

Climate Change

We believe the increasing focus on climate change and evolving regulatory requirements may materially impact our future capital expenditures and results of operations. We expect to incur significant expenses related to these regulatory requirements, which may include expenses related to greenhouse gas emissions reduction initiatives and the purchase of emissions allowances, among other things. If requirements become more stringent, we may be required to change certain operating procedures, for example slowing the speed of our ships, which could adversely impact our operations. We are evaluating the effects of climate change related requirements, which are still evolving, and, consequently, the full impact to the Company is not yet known. Refer to “Impacts related to climate change may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations” in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

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Quarterly Overview

Three months ended September 30, 2022 (“2022”) compared to three months ended September 30, 2021 (“2021”)

●

Total revenue increased to $1.6 billion compared to $153.1 million.

●

Net loss and diluted EPS were $(295.4) million and $(0.70), respectively, compared to $(845.9) million and $(2.29), respectively.

●

Operating loss was $(185.2) million compared to $(689.1) million.

●

Gross margin was $202.2 million compared to $(445.8) million. Adjusted Gross Margin was $1.1 billion compared to $101.4 million.

●

Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS were $(268.3) million and $(0.64), respectively, in 2022, which included $27.1 million of adjustments primarily related to share-based compensation. Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS were $(801.4) million and $(2.17), respectively, in 2021, which included $44.5 million of adjustments primarily related to share-based compensation.

●

Adjusted EBITDA improved 105.9% to $28.1 million compared to $(475.0) million.

We refer you to our “Results of Operations” below for a calculation of Adjusted Gross Margin, Adjusted Net Loss, Adjusted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth selected statistical information:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Passengers carried	526,838		57,931		1,111,931		57,931
Passenger Cruise Days	3,982,559		402,656		8,411,308		402,656
Capacity Days (1)	4,887,415		701,350		12,505,203		701,350
Occupancy Percentage	81.5	%	57.4	%	67.3	%	57.4	%

(1)	Excludes certain capacity on Pride of America which is temporarily unavailable.

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Adjusted Gross Margin was calculated as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
			2022						2022
			Constant						Constant
	2022		Currency		2021			2022	Currency		2021
Total revenue	$	1,615,510	$	1,634,452	$	153,081	$	3,324,631	$	3,351,727	$	160,549
Less:
Total cruise operating expense		1,238,898		1,252,792		439,756		3,047,627		3,070,239		890,338
Ship depreciation		174,393		174,393		159,116		511,785		511,785		482,273
Gross margin		202,219		207,267		(445,791)		(234,781)		(230,297)		(1,212,062)
Ship depreciation		174,393		174,393		159,116		511,785		511,785		482,273
Payroll and related		287,390		287,576		154,440		790,697		791,008		323,225
Fuel		186,984		187,064		79,238		503,682		503,787		175,931
Food		76,810		78,477		16,672		177,483		179,549		27,314
Other		208,176		214,931		137,762		623,374		635,919		294,092
Adjusted Gross Margin	$	1,135,972	$	1,149,708	$	101,437	$	2,372,240	$	2,391,751	$	90,773

Gross Cruise Cost, Net Cruise Cost, Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel and Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel were calculated as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
			2022						2022
			Constant						Constant
	2022		Currency		2021		2022		Currency		2021
Total cruise operating expense	$	1,238,898	$	1,252,792	$	439,756	$	3,047,627	$	3,070,239	$	890,338
Marketing, general and administrative expense		375,291		379,003		229,142		1,000,578		1,008,328		617,820
Gross Cruise Cost		1,614,189		1,631,795		668,898		4,048,205		4,078,567		1,508,158
Less:
Commissions, transportation and other expense		352,798		358,004		32,338		696,946		704,531		47,935
Onboard and other expense		126,740		126,740		19,306		255,445		255,445		21,841
Net Cruise Cost		1,134,651		1,147,051		617,254		3,095,814		3,118,591		1,438,382
Less: Fuel expense		186,984		187,064		79,238		503,682		503,787		175,931
Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel		947,667		959,987		538,016		2,592,132		2,614,804		1,262,451
Less Non-GAAP Adjustments:
Non-cash deferred compensation (1)		700		700		904		2,098		2,098		2,714
Non-cash share-based compensation (2)		26,083		26,083		39,922		88,923		88,923		88,974
Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel	$	920,884	$	933,204	$	497,190	$	2,501,111	$	2,523,783	$	1,170,763

(1)	Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense.

(2)	Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and related expense.

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Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS were calculated as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net loss	$	(295,394)	$	(845,885)	$	(1,787,429)	$	(2,933,866)
Non-GAAP Adjustments:
Non-cash deferred compensation (1)		1,012		1,002		3,036		3,009
Non-cash share-based compensation (2)		26,083		39,922		88,923		88,974
Extinguishment and modification of debt (3)		—		3,562		188,433		657,226
Adjusted Net Loss	$	(268,299)	$	(801,399)	$	(1,507,037)	$	(2,184,657)
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding - Net loss and Adjusted Net Loss		420,798,538		370,016,479		419,224,710		356,591,143
Diluted loss per share	$	(0.70)	$	(2.29)	$	(4.26)	$	(8.23)
Adjusted EPS	$	(0.64)	$	(2.17)	$	(3.59)	$	(6.13)

(1)	Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense and other income (expense), net.

(2)	Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and related expense.

(3)	Losses on extinguishment of debt and modification of debt are included in interest expense, net.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA were calculated as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net loss	$	(295,394)	$	(845,885)	$	(1,787,429)	$	(2,933,866)
Interest expense, net		152,330		161,205		624,392		1,122,905
Income tax (benefit) expense		(10,705)		294		(7,179)		2,949
Depreciation and amortization expense		186,551		173,289		547,214		517,867
EBITDA		32,782		(511,097)		(623,002)		(1,290,145)
Other (income) expense, net (1)		(31,461)		(4,720)		(100,572)		(57,464)
Other Non-GAAP Adjustments:
Non-cash deferred compensation (2)		700		904		2,098		2,714
Non-cash share-based compensation (3)		26,083		39,922		88,923		88,974
Adjusted EBITDA	$	28,104	$	(474,991)	$	(632,553)	$	(1,255,921)

(1)	In 2022, primarily consists of gains and losses, net for foreign currency remeasurements. In 2021, primarily consists of gains and losses, net for fuel swaps not designated as hedges and foreign currency remeasurements.

(2)	Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense.

(3)	Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and related expense.

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Three months ended September 30, 2022 (“2022”) compared to three months ended September 30, 2021 (“2021”)

Revenue

Total revenue increased to $1.6 billion in 2022 compared to $153.1 million in 2021. In 2022, revenue increased as we had returned to service with 4.0 million Passenger Cruise Days compared to 0.4 million in 2021.

Expense

Total cruise operating expense increased 181.7% in 2022 compared to 2021. In 2022, the third quarter had the entire 29-ship fleet in service compared to 2021, which began with no ships in service and ended with only 8 ships returned to service. In 2022, our cruise operating expenses were increased due to the resumption of voyages, resulting in higher payroll, fuel, and direct variable costs of fully operating ships. Costs for certain items such as food, fuel and logistics also increased related to inflation. Additionally, in 2022, there was an increase in COVID-19 related costs, including testing. Gross Cruise Cost increased 141.3% in 2022 compared to 2021 primarily related to the change in costs described above plus an increase in marketing, general and administrative expenses primarily related to increased marketing costs. Total other operating expense increased 39.6% in 2022 compared to 2021 primarily due to the increase in marketing, general and administrative expenses.

Interest expense, net was $152.3 million in 2022 compared to $161.2 million in 2021. Interest expense decreased primarily as a result of lower interest expense in connection with recent refinancings and higher interest income, partially offset by higher debt balances and higher rates.

Other income (expense), net was income of $31.5 million in 2022 compared to $4.7 million in 2021. In 2022, the income primarily related to gains on foreign currency remeasurements. In 2021, the income primarily related to gains on fuel swaps not designated as hedges and foreign currency remeasurements.

Nine months ended September 30, 2022 (“2022”) compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021 (“2021”)

Revenue

Total revenue increased to $3.3 billion in 2022 compared to $160.5 million in 2021. In 2022, revenue increased as we returned to service with 8.4 million Passenger Cruise Days compared to 0.4 million in 2021.

Expense

Total cruise operating expense increased 242.3% in 2022 compared to 2021. In 2022, the nine months started with 16 ships operating with guests onboard and ended with the entire 29-ship fleet in service compared to 2021, during which only 8 ships were returned to service in the third quarter. In 2022, our cruise operating expenses were increased due to the resumption of voyages, resulting in higher payroll, fuel, and direct variable costs of fully operating ships. Costs for certain items such as food, fuel and logistics also increased related to inflation. Additionally, in 2022, there was an increase in COVID-19 related costs, including testing. Gross Cruise Cost increased 168.4% in 2022 compared to 2021 primarily related to the change in costs described above plus an increase in marketing, general and administrative expenses primarily related to increased marketing costs as we returned to service. Total other operating expense increased 36.3% in 2022 compared to 2021 primarily due to the increase in marketing, general and administrative expenses.

Interest expense, net was $624.4 million in 2022 compared to $1.1 billion in 2021. The decrease in interest expense reflects lower losses in 2022 from extinguishment of debt and debt modification costs, which were $188.4 million in 2022 compared to $657.2 million in 2021. Excluding these losses, interest expense decreased primarily as a result of lower interest expense in connection with the recent refinancings, partially offset by higher debt balances and higher rates.

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Other income (expense), net was income of $100.6 million in 2022 compared to $57.5 million in 2021. In 2022, the income primarily related to gains on foreign currency remeasurements. In 2021, the income primarily related to gains on fuel swaps not designated as hedges and foreign currency remeasurements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

As of September 30, 2022, our liquidity consisted of cash and cash equivalents of $1.2 billion and a $1 billion undrawn commitment less related fees. Our primary ongoing liquidity requirements are to finance working capital, capital expenditures and debt service.

In February 2022, we received additional financing through various debt financings, collectively totaling $2.1 billion in gross proceeds, which has been used to redeem all of the outstanding 2024 Senior Secured Notes and 2026 Senior Secured Notes and to make scheduled principal payments on debt maturing in 2022, including, in each case, to pay any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, as well as related premiums, fees and expenses. Refer to Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt” for further information.

The estimation of our future cash flow projections includes numerous assumptions that are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Refer to Note 2 – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for further information on liquidity and management’s plan. Refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for further details regarding uncertainty related to Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine and “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for other risks and uncertainties that may cause our results to differ from our expectations.

There can be no assurance that the accuracy of the assumptions used to estimate our liquidity requirements will be correct, and our ability to be predictive is uncertain due to the dynamic nature of the current operating environment, including the impacts of the COVID-19 global pandemic, Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine and current macroeconomic conditions such as inflation, rising fuel prices and rising interest rates. Based on the liquidity estimates and our current resources, we have concluded we have sufficient liquidity to satisfy our obligations for at least the next 12 months. Nonetheless, we anticipate that we will need additional equity and/or debt financing to fund our operations in the future if a substantial portion of our fleet suspends cruise voyages or operates at reduced occupancy levels for a prolonged period. There is no assurance that cash flows from operations and additional financings will be available in the future to fund our future obligations. Beyond 12 months, we will pursue refinancings and other balance sheet optimization transactions from time to time in order to reduce interest expense or extend debt maturities. We expect to collaborate with financing institutions regarding these refinancing and optimization transactions as opportunities arise in the short-term to amend long-term arrangements.

We have received amendments to certain financial and other debt covenants and added new free liquidity requirements. At September 30, 2022, taking into account such amendments, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants. If we do not continue to remain in compliance with our covenants, we would have to seek additional amendments to or waivers of the covenants. The Company is currently taking steps to further amend certain financial and other debt covenants. However, no assurances can be made that such amendments or waivers would be approved by our lenders. Generally, if an event of default under any debt agreement occurs, then pursuant to cross default and/or cross acceleration clauses, substantially all of our outstanding debt and derivative contract payables could become due, and all debt and derivative contracts could be terminated, which would have a material adverse impact to our operations and liquidity.

Since March 2020, Moody’s has downgraded our long-term issuer rating to B2, our senior secured rating to B1 and our senior unsecured rating to Caa1. In September 2022, Moody’s reaffirmed our current ratings. Since April 2020, S&P Global has downgraded our issuer credit rating to B, lowered our issue-level rating on our $875 million Revolving Loan

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Facility and $1.5 billion Term Loan A Facility to BB-, our issue-level rating on our other senior secured notes to B+ and our senior unsecured rating to B-. If our credit ratings were to be further downgraded, or general market conditions were to ascribe higher risk to our rating levels, our industry, or us, our access to capital and the cost of any debt or equity financing will be further negatively impacted. We also have capacity to incur additional indebtedness under our debt agreements and may issue additional ordinary shares from time to time, subject to our authorized number of ordinary shares. However, there is no guarantee that debt or equity financings will be available in the future to fund our obligations, or that they will be available on terms consistent with our expectations.

As of September 30, 2022, we had advance ticket sales of $2.5 billion, including the long-term portion, which included approximately $258 million of future cruise credits. We also have agreements with our credit card processors that, as of September 30, 2022, governed approximately $2.1 billion in advance ticket sales that had been received by the Company relating to future voyages. These agreements allow the credit card processors to require under certain circumstances, including the existence of a material adverse change, excessive chargebacks and other triggering events, that the Company maintain a reserve which would be satisfied by posting collateral. Although the agreements vary, these requirements may generally be satisfied either through a percentage of customer payments withheld or providing cash funds directly to the card processor. Any cash reserve or collateral requested could be increased or decreased. As of September 30, 2022, we had cash collateral reserves of approximately $742.5 million with credit card processors, of which approximately $237.0 million is recognized in accounts receivable, net and approximately $505.5 million in other long-term assets. We may be required to pledge additional collateral and/or post additional cash reserves or take other actions that may further reduce our liquidity.

Sources and Uses of Cash

In this section, references to “2022” refer to the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and references to “2021” refer to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Net cash used in operating activities was $26.6 million in 2022 as compared to net cash used in operating activities of $2.2 billion in 2021. The net cash used in operating activities included net losses and timing differences in cash receipts and payments relating to operating assets and liabilities. The net losses include losses on extinguishment of debt of $188.4 million in 2022 and $601.5 million in 2021. Advance ticket sales increased by $713.4 million in 2022. Advance ticket sales increased by $469.6 million in 2021 while the change in accounts receivable, net, which includes our reserves with credit card processors, decreased cash by $979.9 million in 2021.

Net cash used in investing activities was $1.6 billion in 2022 and $1.1 billion in 2021. The net cash used in investing activities was primarily related to the delivery of Norwegian Prima in 2022. The net cash used in investing activities was primarily related to purchases of short-term investments, newbuild payments and ship improvement projects partially offset by proceeds from maturities of short-term investments in 2021.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.3 billion in 2022 primarily due to newbuild loans and the proceeds of $2.1 billion from our various note offerings partially offset by debt repayments and related redemption premiums associated with extinguishment of certain senior secured notes. Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.3 billion in 2021 primarily due to the proceeds of $2.7 billion from our various note and equity offerings partially offset by debt repayments and a related redemption premium associated with extinguishment of the Private Exchangeable Notes.

Future Capital Commitments

Future capital commitments consist of contracted commitments, including ship construction contracts. Anticipated expenditures related to ship construction contracts were $84.5 million for the remainder of 2022 and $2.4 billion and $0.5 billion for the years ending December 31, 2023 and 2024, respectively, reflecting delays in certain scheduled ship delivery dates. The Company has export credit financing in place for the anticipated expenditures related to ship construction contracts of $1.9 billion and $0.1 billion for the years ending December 31, 2023 and 2024, respectively. Anticipated non-newbuild capital expenditures for the remainder of 2022 are approximately $155 million. Future expected capital expenditures will significantly increase our depreciation and amortization expense.

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The combined contract prices of the eight ships on order for delivery was approximately €6.7 billion, or $6.6 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2022. We have obtained export credit financing which is expected to fund approximately 80% of the contract price of each ship, subject to certain conditions. We do not anticipate any contractual breaches or cancellations to occur. However, if any such events were to occur, it could result in, among other things, the forfeiture of prior deposits or payments made by us and potential claims and impairment losses which may materially impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Capitalized interest for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $17.0 million and $12.5 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $45.1 million and $30.6 million, respectively, primarily associated with the construction of our newbuild ships.

Material Cash Requirements

As of September 30, 2022, our material cash requirements for debt and ship construction were as follows (in thousands):


	Remainder of
	2022		2023		2024		2025		2026		2027		Thereafter		Total
Long-term debt (1)	$	446,559	$	1,610,548	$	4,202,925	$	1,527,174	$	2,338,005	$	3,283,685	$	2,980,662	$	16,389,558
Ship construction contracts (2)		81,979		2,232,211		983,027		1,396,004		871,534		761,282		—		6,326,037
Total	$	528,538	$	3,842,759	$	5,185,952	$	2,923,178	$	3,209,539	$	4,044,967	$	2,980,662	$	22,715,595

(1)	Includes principal as well as estimated interest payments with LIBOR held constant as of September 30, 2022. Includes exchangeable notes which can be settled in shares. Excludes the impact of any future possible refinancings and undrawn export-credit backed facilities.

(2)

Ship construction contracts are for our newbuild ships based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2022. As of September 30, 2022, we have committed undrawn export-credit backed facilities of approximately $5.4 billion which funds approximately 80% of our ship construction contracts. After giving effect to delays in certain scheduled ship delivery dates revised subsequent to September 30, 2022, our material cash requirements for ship construction contracts are as follows (in thousands):


	Remainder of
	2022		2023		2024		2025		2026		2027		Thereafter		Total
Ship construction contracts	$	25,047	$	2,178,120	$	249,655	$	1,463,558	$	1,648,375	$	761,282	$	—	$	6,326,037

Funding Sources

Certain of our debt agreements contain covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain a minimum level of liquidity, as well as limit our net funded debt-to-capital ratio and maintain certain other ratios. Substantially all of our ships are pledged as collateral for certain of our debt. We have received amendments to certain financial and other debt covenants and added new free liquidity requirements. After taking into account such amendments, we believe we were in compliance with these covenants as of September 30, 2022.

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In addition, our existing debt agreements restrict, and any of our future debt arrangements may restrict, among other things, the ability of our subsidiaries, including NCLC, to make distributions and/or pay dividends to NCLH and NCLH’s ability to pay cash dividends to its shareholders. NCLH is a holding company and depends upon its subsidiaries for their ability to pay distributions to it to finance any dividend or pay any other obligations of NCLH. However, we do not believe that these restrictions have had or are expected to have an impact on our ability to meet any cash obligations.

We believe our cash on hand, the net impact of the undrawn $1 billion commitment less related fees, the expected return of a portion of the cash collateral from our credit card processors, expected future operating cash inflows and our ability to issue debt securities or additional equity securities, will be sufficient to fund operations, debt payment requirements, capital expenditures and maintain compliance with covenants under our debt agreements over the next 12-month period. Certain debt covenants were previously amended in 2021 to enable the Company to maintain compliance, and the Company is currently taking steps to further amend certain financial and other debt covenants. Refer to “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—General” for further information regarding the debt covenant waivers and liquidity requirements.

Other

Certain service providers may require collateral in the normal course of our business. The amount of collateral may change based on certain terms and conditions.

As a routine part of our business, depending on market conditions, exchange rates, pricing and our strategy for growth, we regularly consider opportunities to enter into contracts for the building of additional ships. We may also consider the sale of ships, potential acquisitions and strategic alliances. If any of these transactions were to occur, they may be financed through the incurrence of additional permitted indebtedness, through cash flows from operations, or through the issuance of debt, equity or equity-related securities.

We refer you to “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—General” for information regarding collateral provided to our credit card processors.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

General

Interest Rate Risk

As of September 30, 2022, 75% of our debt was fixed and 25% was variable. As of December 31, 2021, 72% of our debt was fixed and 28% was variable, which includes the effects of an interest rate swap that matured during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The notional amount of our outstanding debt associated with the interest rate swap was $0.2 billion as of December 31, 2021. The change in our fixed rate percentage from December 31, 2021 to June 30, 2022 was primarily due to the addition of fixed rate debt. Based on our September 30, 2022 outstanding variable rate debt balance, a one percentage point increase in annual LIBOR interest rates would increase our annual interest expense by approximately $35.6 million excluding the effects of capitalization of interest.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

As of September 30, 2022, we had foreign currency derivatives to hedge the exposure to volatility in foreign currency exchange rates related to our ship construction contracts denominated in euros. These derivatives hedge the foreign

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currency exchange rate risk on a portion of the payments on our ship construction contracts. The payments not hedged aggregate €4.4 billion, or $4.3 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, the payments not hedged aggregated €5.0 billion, or $5.7 billion, based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of December 31, 2021. The change from December 31, 2021 to September 30, 2022 was due to the addition of foreign currency forwards and the delivery of Norwegian Prima. We estimate that a 10% change in the euro as of September 30, 2022 would result in a $0.4 billion change in the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency denominated remaining payments.

Fuel Price Risk

Our exposure to market risk for changes in fuel prices relates to the forecasted purchases of fuel on our ships. Fuel expense, as a percentage of our total cruise operating expense, was 15.1% and 18.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and was 16.5% and 19.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We use fuel derivative agreements to mitigate the financial impact of fluctuations in fuel prices and as of September 30, 2022, we had hedged approximately 44% and 38% of our remaining 2022 and 2023 projected metric tons of fuel purchases, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, we had hedged approximately 42% and 24% of our 2022 and 2023 projected metric tons of fuel purchases, respectively. The percentage of fuel purchases hedged changed between December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2022 primarily due to the addition of fuel swaps.

We estimate that a 10% increase in our weighted-average fuel price would increase our anticipated fuel expense for the remainder of 2022 by $20.5 million. This increase would be offset by an increase in the fair value of all our fuel swap agreements of $10.6 million. Fair value of our derivative contracts is derived using valuation models that utilize the income valuation approach. These valuation models take into account the contract terms such as maturity, as well as other inputs such as fuel types, fuel curves, creditworthiness of the counterparty and the Company, as well as other data points.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management has evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of September 30, 2022. There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon management’s evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2022 to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system will be met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent

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limitations of control systems, there is only the reasonable assurance that our controls will succeed in achieving their goals under all potential future conditions.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Our threshold for disclosing material environmental legal proceedings involving a governmental authority where potential monetary sanctions are involved is $1 million.

See the section titled “Litigation” in “Item 1—Financial Statements—Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 10 Commitments and Contingencies” in Part I of this quarterly report for information about legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We refer you to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of the risk factors that affect our business and financial results. We wish to caution you that the risk factors discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, elsewhere in this report or other SEC filings, could cause future results to differ materially from those stated in any forward-looking statements. You should not interpret the disclosure of a risk to imply that the risk has not already materialized. The COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the impact of general macroeconomic conditions have also had the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in the “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, such as those relating to our need to generate sufficient cash flows to service our indebtedness, and our ability to comply with the covenants contained in the agreements that govern our indebtedness.

Other than updates to the risk factors set forth below, there have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Global events and conditions, including terrorist acts, armed conflicts, including Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine, acts of piracy, and other international events impacting the security of travel or the global economy, or threats thereof, could adversely affect our business.

Global events and conditions, including the threat or possibility of future terrorist acts, outbreaks of hostilities or armed conflict, political unrest and instability, the issuance of government travel advisories or elevated threat warnings, increases in the activity of pirates, and other geo-political uncertainties, or the possibility or fear of such events, have had in the past and may again in the future have an adverse impact on our business. Any of these events or conditions may adversely affect demand for, and by extension pricing of, our cruises. Such events or conditions may also have downstream effects on the global economic environment, including increased fuel and commodity pricing, supply chain shortages, labor shortages, volatility in the global capital markets, contraction of the global economy leading to decreased consumer discretionary spending, and other effects impossible to predict at this time.

Armed conflicts, including Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine, have impacted, and could in the future impact, our profitability and product offering by limiting the destinations to which we can travel and our operations by making it more difficult to source crew members and third-party vendors from affected regions and making it more difficult or costly to source goods we need to run our operations or to build or maintain our ships. Further, the Russia-Ukraine conflict has contributed to extreme volatility in the global financial markets and has had, and is expected to continue to have, further global economic consequences, including disruptions of the global supply chain and energy markets and heightened volatility of commodity fuel prices. Such volatility or disruptions have had, and may continue to have, adverse consequences to our business, our suppliers and our customers. If the equity and credit markets deteriorate, including as a result of political unrest or war, it may make any necessary debt or equity financing more difficult to obtain in a timely manner or on favorable terms, more costly or more dilutive. Our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected by any negative impact on the global economy, capital markets or commodity fuel prices resulting from the conflict in Ukraine or any other geopolitical tensions.

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The ongoing invasion of Ukraine may also have the effect of heightening many other risks disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Item 6. Exhibits




10.1		Commitment Letter, dated as of July 26, 2022, among NCL Corporation Ltd. And the purchasers named therein (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on July 29, 2022 (File No. 001-35784))
31.1*		Certification of the President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
31.2*		Certification of the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
32.1**		Certifications of the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code


101*		The following unaudited consolidated financial statements from Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL:

		(i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021;

		(ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021;

		(iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021;

		(iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021;

		(v) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021; and

		(vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

104*		The cover page from Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL and included in the interactive data files submitted as Exhibit 101.

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE HOLDINGS LTD.
	(Registrant)

	By:	/s/ FRANK J. DEL RIO
	Name:	Frank J. Del Rio
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

	By:	/s/ MARK A. KEMPA
	Name:	Mark A. Kempa
	Title:	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)


Dated: November 8, 2022