Employee Benefits and Share Option Plans
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Dec. 31, 2013
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Employee Benefits and Share Option Plans |
Management NCL Corporation Units In 2009, we adopted a profits sharing agreement which authorized us to grant profits interests in the Company to certain key employees. These interests generally vest with the holders based on a combination of performance-based and time-based vesting metrics, each as specified in the profits sharing agreement and each holder’s award agreement. Genting HK, the Apollo Funds and the TPG Viking Funds are entitled to initially receive any distributions made by the Company, pro rata based on their shareholdings in the Company. Once Genting HK, the Apollo Funds and the TPG Viking Funds receive distributions in excess of certain hurdle amounts specified in the profits sharing agreement and each holder’s award agreement, each vested profits interest award generally entitles the holder of such award to a portion of such excess distribution amount. In connection with the Corporate Reorganization, NCLC’s outstanding profits interests granted under its profits sharing agreement to management (or former management) of NCLC were exchanged for an economically equivalent number of NCL Corporation Units. We refer to the NCL Corporation Units exchanged for profits interests granted under the profits sharing agreement as “Management NCL Corporation Units.” The Management NCL Corporation Units received upon the exchange of outstanding profits interests are subject to the same time-based vesting requirements and performance-based vesting requirements applicable to the profits interests for which they were exchanged. The Management NCL Corporation Units, generally consist of fifty percent of “Time-Based Units” (“TBUs”) and fifty percent of “Performance-Based Units” (“PBUs”).The TBUs generally vest over five years and upon a distribution event, the vesting amount of the PBUs is based on the amount of proceeds that are realized above certain hurdles. The termination of employment results in forfeiture of any non-vested TBUs and all PBUs. TBUs that are vested can be either continued by the Company or cancelled and paid to the employee. Cancellation can take place any time after termination but not before two years after the grant date. We will not grant any additional profits interests under the profits sharing agreement, and new long-term incentive awards have been and will be granted under NCLH’s new long-term incentive plan.
The fair value of each Management NCL Corporation Unit award was estimated on the date of grant using a binomial lattice pricing model. The total intrinsic value of units exchanged during the year 2013 was $33.3 million. There were no units exchanged during the years 2012 and 2011. As of December 31, 2013, there was approximately $1.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimate forfeitures, related to Management NLC Corporation Units which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.8 years. The total fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $1.4 million.
Share Option Awards In January 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Performance Incentive Plan which provides for the issuance of up to 15,035,106 of share options and ordinary shares, with no more than 5,000,000 shares being granted to one individual in any calendar year. Share options are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of NCLH shares at the date of grant. The vesting period is typically set at 4 or 5 years with a contractual life ranging from 7 to 10 years. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The estimated fair value of the options, less estimated forfeitures, is amortized over the vesting period using the straight-line vesting method. The assumptions used within the option-pricing model are as follows:
Expected volatility was determined based on the historical share prices of our competitors. When we accumulate sufficient historical share price data, we will use our volatility to determine fair value. The risk-free rate was based on United States Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected option term at grant date. The expected term was calculated under the simplified method. Our forfeiture assumption is derived from historical turnover rates and those estimates are revised as appropriate to reflect the actual forfeiture results. The following is a summary of option activity under our share option plan for the year ended December 31, 2013:
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the year 2013 was $6.38. There were no options granted during 2012 or 2011. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the year 2013 was $1.4 million and total cash received by the Company from exercises was $2.0 million. There were no options exercised during the years 2012 and 2011. As of December 31, 2013, there was approximately $23.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost net of estimate forfeitures, related to share options granted under our share-based incentive plans which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.4 years. Restricted Share Awards The following is a summary of restricted share activity for the year ended December 31, 2013:
As of December 31, 2013, there was $0.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the employee share option plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years. Restricted shares vest in substantially equal quarterly installments over 2 years. The total fair value of shares vested during the year ended December 31, 2013 was $0.2 million. The share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $23.1 million, which includes $18.5 million of non-recurring charges associated with the Corporate Reorganization, $5.2 million and $1.2 million, respectively, and was recorded in marketing general and administrative expense. Employee Benefit Plans Certain of our employees are employed pursuant to agreements that provide for severance payments. Severance is generally only payable upon an involuntary termination of the employee’s employment by us without cause or a termination by the employee for good reason. Severance generally includes a cash payment based on the employee’s base salary (and in some cases, bonus), and our payment of the employee’s continued medical benefits for the applicable severance period. We maintain annual incentive bonus plans for our executive officers and other key employees. Bonuses under these plans become earned and payable based on both the Company’s and each individual’s performance during the applicable performance period and the individual’s continued employment. Company performance criteria include the attainment of certain financial targets and other strategic objectives. We maintain a 401(k) Plan for our shoreside employees, including our executive officers. Participants may contribute up to 100% of eligible compensation each pay period, subject to certain limitations. We make matching contributions equal to 100% of the first 3% and 50% of the next 4%—10% of each participant’s contributions. In addition, we may make discretionary supplemental contributions to the Plan, which shall be allocated to each eligible participant on a pro-rata basis based on the compensation of the participant to the total compensation of all participants. Our matching contributions are vested according to a five-year schedule. The 401(k) Plan is subject to the provisions of ERISA and is intended to be qualified under section 401(a) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”). Our contributions are reduced by contributions forfeited by those employees who leave the 401(k) Plan prior to vesting fully in the contributions. Forfeited contributions of $0.1 million were utilized in each of the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and $0.2 million in 2011. We maintain a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”), which is a legacy unfunded defined contribution plan for certain of our executives who were employed by the Company in an executive capacity prior to 2008. The SERP was frozen to future participation following that date. Messrs. Sheehan and Stuart are the only Named Executive Officers who are eligible to participate in the SERP. The SERP provides for Company contributions on behalf of the participants to compensate them for the benefits that are limited under the 401(k) Plan. We credit participants under the SERP for amounts that would have been contributed by us to the Company’s previous Defined Contribution Retirement Plan and the former 401(k) Plan without regard to any limitations imposed by the Code. Participants do not make any elective contributions under this plan. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the aggregate balance of participants’ deferred compensation accounts under the SERP Plan was $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively. We recorded expenses related to the above 401(k) Plan and SERP of $3.3 million, $2.8 million and $2.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We maintain a Senior Management Retirement Savings Plan (“SMRSP”), which is a legacy unfunded defined contribution plan for certain of our employees who were employed by the Company prior to 2001. The SMRSP provides for Company contributions on behalf of the participants to compensate them for the difference between the qualified plan benefits that were previously available under the Company’s cash balance pension plan and the redesigned 401(k) Plan. We credit participants under the SMRSP Plan for the difference in the amount that would have been contributed by us to the Company’s previous Norwegian Cruise Line Pension Plan and the qualified plan maximums of the new 401(k) Plan.
Effective January 2009, we implemented the Shipboard Retirement Plan which computes benefits based on years of service, subject to eligibility requirements of the Shipboard Retirement Plan. The Shipboard Retirement Plan is unfunded with no plan assets. The current portion of the projected benefit obligation of $0.8 million and $0.7 million was included in accrued expenses and other liabilities as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $14.8 million and $15.5 million was included in other long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The amounts related to the Shipboard Retirement Plan were as follows (in thousands):
The discount rates used in the net periodic benefit cost calculation for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 were 3.8%, 4.7% and 5.5%, respectively, and the actuarial loss is amortized over 19.14 years. The discount rate is used to measure and recognize obligations, including adjustments to other comprehensive income (loss), and to determine expense during the periods. It is determined by using bond indices which reflect yields on a broad maturity and industry universe of high-quality corporate bonds. The pension benefits expected to be paid in each of the next five years and in aggregate for the five years thereafter are as follows (in thousands):
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